An Inspector Calls - Write fully about one of the characters in the play. :: English Literature:

An Inspector Calls - drop a line fully about one of the characters in the play.Write fully about one of the characters in the play. Take into accountwhat they deliver done before the play begins as well as their actions,words and attitudes during the seam of the play. Write about the wayattitudes, moods and opinions change and develop during the course ofthe action on the stage.An Inspector Calls is a play with many social and political messages.J. B. Priestley believed a great deal in socialism and he used severalof his plays to try and influence people to his way of thinking. Itwas written in a judgment of conviction when Britain was ruled by a Labour governmentand socialist policies were seen as the way forward. It was a popularway of thinking at that time so Priestleys aim for the play wasprobably to teach the unconvinced.The play is set in the house of the Birling family. As soon as thecurtains open, it is clear that the family is wealthy because thither is uplifted quality furniture and decoration in the house in which the playis set. The family use their house as a status symbol and growdecorated it in a way so as to reflect their wealth. We learn thisfrom the few imposing but tasteless pictures which will probablyhave been chosen because they were expensive, not because they wereliked. These pictures also tell us that the Birlings are proud oftheir wealth and think themselves to be very important but lack the dear taste which is present in those who are socially superior tothem. The house is described as being substantial and comfortable andold-fashioned, but not close-fitting and homelike. This setting suggests thatthe family are uncomfortable with each other and therefore suggestsproblems. We gather from the Birling family they are of anupper-middle social class, who think themselves to be of a very highstatus.Eric Birling the character I am going to focus on does not seem to beunderstood by the rest of the characters. His sister Sheila and he a restill treated as if they were still children What an expression,Sheila Really the things you girls pick up these days Mr and MrsBirling have a lack of understanding of the junior generation,particularly their offspring. They try to control their lives as thiswas the norm with generations prior to theirs, Just let me finish,Eric. Youve a lot to learn yet. Here we can see that the elders inthe family have the first and last say in many matters.

Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide :: Death Medical Medicine Essays

Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide To die or not to die, that is not the doubt if youve been diagnosed with a terminal disease in the States. The question is how. Should you be forced to suffer all the pain the disease brings, or should your doctor be able to legally help you die in a peaceful, painless way? That is the question that the Supreme Court, religious groups, physicians, and many others are trying to answer. The problem is that it doesnt have a clear answer. Oncologist Ezekiel Emanuel (1997) addresses the issues of physician-assisted suicide and voluntary mercy killing and explains why Americans ought to think twice before legalizing physician-assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. He begins by explaining the difference between the two methods. Physician-assisted suicide is when the doctor gives you the means, such as drugs, which you administer yourself. Voluntary euthanasia, however, is when the doctor actually performs the fatal procedure after the patient has confirmed his/her wish to die. (1) Following this explanation, Ezekiel uses historical references, cites court carapaces, scientific studies, and case studies from other countries to support his position. He also maintains that there are four myths that have been perpetuated which imply the following 1) The issue of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide is relatively new, natural from technological advances. 2) There is strong support for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. 3) Patients in the most extreme pain are the most interested in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia. 4) Euthanasia practices in the Netherlands prove that physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia will not get out of control here in America. (2-4) Emanuel dispels these myths one by one. In response to myth 1, he quotes the Hippocratic oath, which specifically opposes euthanasia. Emanuel claims that euthanasia was often provided at the time that the Oath was written. He dates the beginnings o f the euthanasia debate in America back to 1870, and presents historical facts to support his response. (2) Regarding myth 2, Emanuel blames vague poll questions for those which show that the majority of Americans support physician-assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. Research, which he cites, has shown that support for these practices does decrease when patients arent expound as terminally ill and experiencing constant, intense pain. (3) Studies in both the Netherlands and Washington state are used to refute myth 3. Both report that the minority of people who request euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide are actually requesting it due to severe, unrelenting pain.

Ghost Stories :: essays research papers

Ive always believed in ghosts and spirits. Perhaps it was because it amused me, or perhaps it was because Ive been stuffed with ghost stories ever since I was old enough to comprehend them. Ive been around a lot of people who grew up in contrasted areas of the world. You know, the place where electricity doesnt exist, and running house water is just a myth. Well, anyway, Ive heard many ghost stories from them, mostly drawn from their developed encounters and experiences. These stories were pass on to me on many different occasions. Like say around a campfire, a mid-night drive across towns, or just nether the dim candlelight of my champions basements.One of my friends stories was about his dad. You see, back in those days when my friends father was just teenager, water was a rare commodity. At every dawn, he had to leave his home with two vases on either side of a stick on his shoulders to drag drinkable water from the colonizations well. The walk was about two miles. People d id not live close to each other in those days, they lived on their farm, and every house was kind of far from each other. There wasnt any pavement, or cement street, roads were simply made out of rocks, and mud, and dirt. And the only mean of transportation was cows. Nevertheless, my friends dad always stopped by his neighbors house, the two boys grew up together and theyve always walked alongside each other to get water. When Mr. skid, my friends dad, was fifteen, his friend died of malaria, so from then on he had to walk to the well by himself.One day, while coming back from the well, Mr. Shoe heard running steps coming from behind him. So he stopped and turned around, no one was there. The footsteps then slowed down to a jog, and then to a walk, then it stopped next to him. He was puzzled, but he wasnt scared, so he kept walking. The footstep started again, but this time it was next to him. The footsteps pace matched Mr. Shoe pace evenly as he walked down the street.The tall g rass that was growing on either side of the street, he recalled, drooped down and turned purple that day. It seemed dead and somehow evil. The sun did not rise yet, and the moon still hung stubbornly on the cloudless night.

The First World War (WWI) :: World War 1 I One

World War I was definitely a greater contributor to the course if European civilization than the French revolution. WWI dissolved empires and shaped a generation of men, Where as the French Revolution primarily affected France and didnt even abolish the monarchy. WWI brought things like the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, this dissolved Germany as a power, but also brought forth mass retaliation in the cultivate of Nazi movement. Because of this Czechoslovakia emerges as independent. WWI also started the League of Nations, which was brought out internationalized thinking. And in reference to the dissolved empires Im speaking of primarily the Ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Where in Germany we saw the extend of Wilhelm II. During the war there was footage of the battle of Somme released by the British government, which altered the way, we viewed war at that time. This brought forth the end to the gentlemens war and brought forth trench war and gassing. This also coi ned the term shell-shocked as 7 million men were permanently wounded and had things such as deafness, blindness, stutters, and hallucinations. Junger wrote, a battle such as the gentleman had never seen. He called it a scientific war, and pointed out the machine-made destruction. He wrote, Chivalry took a final farewell. John Reed in the 10 days of war wrote about the Russian revolution where they revolted against strong and rich nation dividing. Where as the French Revolution affected mostly themselves and it really didnt even do what it started out to do, end the Monarchy and the Old regime. Sieyes wanted a citizenship based on usefulness not birth. Plus at the end of the revolution we see the restoration of the monarchy and the old regime.

Americas Abortion Debate Essay -- Abortion

Abortion is one of the approximately controversial issues in the United States today. According to oxford dictionary, abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks. The two factions involved in this controversy are poles apart in their views on abortion where as the pro-choice case contends that a womans right to abortion is absolute, the pro-life movement asserts that a fetuss right to life is indisputable. The argument has become precise pronounced since the U.S Supreme Court ruling in the year 1973 in Roe V. Wade, which legalized abortion. According to the ruling, a womans right to abortion outweighed the rights of a nonviable fetus and prohibited the State interference. In addition to the fact that pro-choicers have always praised Roe for recognizing that a womans right to chair her body is more important than a fetuss right to life, this idea is also support by different organizations such as Alan Guttmatcher be (AGI) whose mission is to protect the reproductive choices of all women and men in the United States and throughout the world. (Par 1) While some people believe that abortion is immoral others vie that it is a womans right to have full control of her body. A typical pro-life believer argues that fetuses posses a characteristic such as a genetic code that is both necessary and sufficient for being human. This idea is mostly propagated by the principle of the Roman Catholic Church In 1995 Pope John Paul II officially condemned abortion in his Evangelium Vitae, calling it a villainous crime that kills an innocent human being (Knapp Pg 16) and supported by many fundamentalist protestants groups, though not by majority of Catholics an... ...ciples, the pro-choice position is certainly not obviously wrong. Consequently, when abortion advocates try to draw off the argument more or less probable, they call for pro-life citizens to completely cease from bringing the legitimate idea of freedom to life for the purpose of protect the unborn from harm, these abortion-choice supporters are by so doing encouraging their fellow pro-choice citizens to silently and politely remain firm that the unborn are not richly fledged members of the human community therefore are not entitled to protection by the state. To the opponent of abortion, this request hardly seems tolerant or liberating. whole kit and boodle CitedFrancis J. Beckwith Defending Life A Moral and Legal Case Against Abortion Choice. New York Cambridge University Press, 2007.Lynette Knapp The Abortion Controversy San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2001

Placing the Blame in Macbeth Essay -- Macbeth essays

Placing the Blame in Macbeth The blame for the tragedy of Macbeth must be apportioned between the three witches, gentlewoman Macbeth and Macbeth himself. The three witches play a very important role in affecting the actions of Macbeth with their ability to steer him in the direction they desire. They not only use their supernatural powers but in any case prey on his greed and ambition. All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee thane of Glamis All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor All hail Macbeth That shalt be king hereafter These predictions are effective in attracting Macbeths attention because they feed off his desire for what they promise. At this point in the play he is the newly appointed thane of Glamis. Immediately after the predictions, news arrives that he is to be thane of Cawdor. Macbeth cannot help but wonder whether the third prediction will come true or not. Banquo says that the forces of darkness use the truth to win us to harm but Macbeths ambition mak es him unwilling to believe this. There is an ambiguity in Macbeth - do the witches represent inevitable fate, and is there in this instance the felicity of the forces of darkness, or does Macbeth have free will? If the responsibility for his actions rests with him and him alone, it may be argued that it is his weakness and his ambition that matter. His weakness lies in whollyowing himself to be bullied and shamed by Lady Macbeth into the murder of his king and guest. Macbeth Prithee, peace I dare do all that may become a man, who dares do more is none. Lady Macbeth What beast wast, whence That made you break this enterprise to me? When you durst do it then you were a man And, t... ...f the above, Macbeth is ambiguous about whether we have free will or are controlled only by fate. In the play, even though we see Macbeth changing his mind about whether to kill Duncan, he eventually does as the witches foretold in addition all their other pronouncements came true. This veers more or less towards the idea of fate. If fate is unchangeable and the witches are acting only as messengers, the blame for the tragedy can not be attributed to the witches, Macbeth or Lady Macbeth. However, the witches also say about the sailor they are tormenting Though his bark cannot be lost Yet it shall be disturbance tossed This implies that the witches have only limited powers and can only direct people within certain limits. If this is the case, then we must see that Macbeths ambition and moral cowardice are responsible for his tragedy.

Euthanasia in Australia Essay example -- Argument for Euthanasia

Although mercy killing is a complex and controversial subject, under certain conditions people should have the right to decide to abolish their own lives. Is euthanasia murder or mercy? We need to understand what Mercy, Murder and Euthanasia are before we can form any opinion.(Oxford dictionary) Mercy / (say mersee)Compassionate or kindly forbearance shown towards an offender, an enemy, or other person in ones power compassion, pity, or benevolence.Murder / (say merduh) Unlawful killing of a human being by an act done with intention to kill or to inflict grievous bodily harm. To kill or slaughter, inhumanly or barbarously.Euthanasia is such a controversial word that it creates many discussions and even arguments. This has gone on since well before the first legal case of euthanasia had even happened and will continue for a long time to come. The Oxford dictionary defines Euthanasia as (1) Painless, peaceful death (2) The deliberate putting to death painlessly of a person suffer ing from an incurable disease also called mercy killing. That seems simple enough as it is worded but there are different degrees of Euthanasia these arePassive (voluntary/non-voluntary) Euthanasia- This is where life sustaining sermon is either withheld or withdrawn, in order to bring about a quick and/or painless end or because continuing treatment may be unduly burden well-nigh and/or medically futile. Double Effect This term is use to deny responsibility of an unforeseen death when medicinal drug is used to control pain and suffering but where the quantity of medication is the actual cause of death. Medical/Physician Assisted Suicide This is where a Doctor provides medication to a patient under their supervision to hasten his or her d... ...st be drawn to decide what Euthanasia is and what is not. Is it Mercy or Murder? These groups dont seem to know, can you make that decision? The right to life organisations believe in the right to live and therefore will always see euthan asia as a killing. The many people who chose relief from the any illnesses will always look at euthanasia as a peaceful end to their suffering live. The Australian laws continue at this time to see euthanasia as a murder thus making it a crime and these crimes are punishable in the courts the same way as any other murder. The euthanasia debate will continue for many years to come. Euthanasia touches some of the deepest feelings in human beings. It is the power over life and death, and responsibilities no one wishes to take or have to be taken. This of course leads to the natural ultimatum, that it is the patients own choice.

Anne Bradstreet :: Free Essays

Anne BradstreetThe poem Upon the Burning Of Our House, July 10th, 1666 by Anne Bradstreet is a poem about her house burning down. I atomic number 50 infer with many of her feelings in this poem because I shared many of them when my house was robbed. During the beginning of the poem she talks about her belongings that she lost and the things she would never do again, then towards the end she talks about how the incident brought her closer to perfection. Anne Bradstreet shows how living through a struggle, such as having your house burn down can bring you closer to God. My pleasant things in ashes lie, And them behold no more shall I, (108), shows the pain I felt up in dealing with the loss that I suffered. I lost all of my money, my TV, and my stereo. I knew I would never get the opportunity to recover my lost items. And to my God my heart did cry (107), compares with the emptiness I felt when my family arrived home and saw the back door kicked in. At that point I didnt want to continue into the house to find what had been taken from me. The third stanza starts by saying, And when I could no longer look, I blest His name that gave and took, (107). After everything was over she realized that God had given her everything she had lost in the fire, and that she could once again receive those things from God. This relates to me being robbed in the fact that everything I lost was something that was not needed. This helped me to realize that material things arent going to make you happy, but the Love of God is. The last line of the play says, My hope and treasure lies above. (108). I believe that Anne Bradstreet became very spiritual after the fire and looked to God for the answer to everything.

Urban Legend of Bloody Mary at Camp Tonikanee :: Urban Legends Ghost Stories

Bloody Mary Version 4--Bloody Mary at Camp TonikaneeOne night, close to 100 a.m., my roommates and I were sitting in the common room, and I asked the group if they knew of a compelling ghost story. My one roommate, a 20 year doddering from Pennsylvania, said she had heard a ghost story at the summer sleep-away camp she had at tennerded when she was younger. She heard the story around a campfire in the timberland of Camp Tonikanee, which is in Quakertown, Pennsylvania. She described her story as one that the counselors would tell the campers to convince them the camp was haunted.The camp was really, really old and many of the buildings had once burned-over down because of a big fire. Supposedly the camp was haunted by this woman named Mary, who was a witch. But, no one ever saw her, just supernatural things would happen. Little girls would disappear at night if they were out wandering around by themselves. It scared everyone because parents want their daughters to come home. So e very time someone would disappear, people would go out looking for her but would never find her. But after a girl would disappear, it would get especially strange for a while. People thought Mary haunted other buildings, like the barn. Well, lowers voice one night one of the camp directors heard strange sounds coming from a bantam cabin in the woods where Mary supposedly lives and went to investigate. He found Mary with one of the campers, giving her an herbal potion. But the girl was already in a trance and hypnotized and they couldnt bring her back. They took Mary and they tied her up and put her on trial. As she was standing there, she put a bout on everyone and killed herself with the spell. It was said that anyone else who said her name three times in the mirror would die.My roommate told the story in a low, solemn tone, except superlative her voice once or twice in the beginning to give the sense of her being unsure of her story. The story was told effectively with hand ge stures and vocal inflections. thither were a few occasions where she had to stop and think out what happened next, which is understandable because she hadnt heard the story since she attended summer camp over ten years ago. Besides these instances, she used dramatic pausing to emphasize important events, and the dim lighting of the apartment helped to set the mood.

The Impact of Global Warming on Human Health Essay -- Environmental Gl

The Impact of Global Warming on Human HealthThroughout the world, the social movement of particular diseases and other threats to gracious health depend largely on the local climate. Extreme variation in temperature can directly, and indirectly, cause the loss of human life. The threat of a gradual step-up in temperature could be catastrophic to the world, as we know it. In 1999, a heat wave killed more than 250 hoi polloi in Chicago alone (Union of Concerned Scientists). Many consider such an event as a natural disaster. However, scientists warn the average spherical temperature has increase 0.5 F in the past 40 years. This is half of the total increase in surface temperature, 1F, since the late 19th century. At its current pasture, the global temperature could rise 2 to 6F in the next 100 years (Union of Concerned Scientist).Such a drastic increase in the rate of temperature increase is due to the industrial revolution. In the past 40 years, the world has seen a drastic incr ease in population and the use of fossil fuels (gasoline, oil, ember or natural gas). These fuels are used to run our cars, heat and cool our homes, manufacture goods in our factories and to ship goods for worldwide consumption. The focus, until lately, has been to produce maximum product at a minimum price to maximize profit. Little to no care was taken to minimize the amount of fossil fuels used in the production of goods. Recently, it has cash in ones chips evident that such practices lead to the production of greenhouse gases. Whenever fossil fuels are burned for energy, greenhouse gases, such as ascorbic acid dioxide builds up in the countrys atmosphere (Union of Concerned Scientists). Another reason why greenhouse gases have increased is due to the decrease in the amount of plant life, unremarkably called deforestation. Plant life is the only thing known on earth to consume carbon dioxide. However, due to the need of raw materials (wood and paper pulp), industrial nations tend to cut down more trees than they can reforest (Fuller 454). Also, toxins produced as a by-product of industrialization have killed plant life. Therefore, a greater amount of carbon dioxide is being produced at the same time less carbon dioxide is being consumed, leading to dangerous consequences.The combination of pollutants and deforestation has lead to what is commonly called the Greenhouse Effect. The term... ...ure on the government to create polity that will save the environment as well as keep our energy rates low and stable. Such legislation is almost impossible. A good first step for the government would be to create effective, mass public transportation such as the train and subway systems of Europe. However, we the residents of this planet, also must do our part to reduce our role in polluting the environment. After all, we are the ones who have to live with, or die from, the consequences of our actions.Works CitedBuchholz, Rogene A. Principles of environmental Ma nagement. (1984).Christianson, Gale E. Greenhouse The 200-Year Story of Global Warming. (1999).Fuller, Jim. Ministers Unable to Reach Agreement at mood Change Conference. November 25, 2005. Http//globalchange.gov/news/hague_conference_2005_1125.htmlLeggett, Jeremy. The Climate Time Bomb Signs of Climate Change from The Greenpeace Database (Amsterdam, Netherlands Stichting Greenpeace Council, 1994).Revkin, Andrew. Global Warming Understanding the Forecast.(2004).Union of Concerned Scientist. Safeguarding the web of life Global Environment. June 29, 2006. http//www.uscusa.org

Urban Legend of Bloody Mary at Camp Tonikanee :: Urban Legends Ghost Stories

Bloody Mary Version 4--Bloody Mary at Camp Tonikanee matchless night, around 100 a.m., my roommates and I were sitting in the common room, and I asked the group if they knew of a compelling ghost story. My one roommate, a 20 yr old from Pennsylvania, said she had heard a ghost story at the summer sleep-away camp she had attended when she was younger. She heard the story around a campfire in the woods of Camp Tonikanee, which is in Quakertown, Pennsylvania. She described her story as one that the counselors would tell the campers to convince them the camp was haunted.The camp was really, really old and many of the buildings had once burned down because of a big fire. Supposedly the camp was haunted by this woman named Mary, who was a witch. But, no one ever saw her, equitable weird things would happen. Little girls would disappear at night if they were out wandering around by themselves. It scared everyone because parents want their daughters to come home. So every clock someone w ould disappear, people would go out looking for her but would never find her. But after a girl would disappear, it would get especially unsung for a while. People thought Mary haunted other buildings, like the barn. Well, lowers voice one night one of the camp directors heard strange sounds coming from a little cabin in the woods where Mary supposedly lives and went to investigate. He found Mary with one of the campers, giving her an herbal potion. But the girl was already in a trance and hypnotized and they couldnt bring her back. They took Mary and they tied her up and put her on trial. As she was standing there, she put a spell on everyone and killed herself with the spell. It was said that anyone else who said her name three times in the mirror would die.My roommate told the story in a low, solemn tone, neglect raising her voice once or twice in the beginning to give the sense of her being unsure of her story. The story was told effectively with hand gestures and free-spoken inflections. There were a few occasions where she had to stop and think out what happened next, which is understandable because she hadnt heard the story since she attended summer camp oer ten years ago. Besides these instances, she used dramatic pausing to emphasize important events, and the dim lighting of the apartment helped to set the mood.

The Impact of Global Warming on Human Health Essay -- Environmental Gl

The Impact of world(prenominal) heat on Human HealthThroughout the world, the presence of particular diseases and other threats to homophile health depend largely on the local climate. Extreme variation in temperature can directly, and indirectly, cause the loss of human life. The threat of a gradual increase in temperature could be catastrophic to the world, as we know it. In 1999, a heat wave killed more(prenominal) than 250 people in Chicago all (Union of concerned Scientists). Many consider such an event as a natural disaster. However, scientists warn the average global temperature has increase 0.5 F in the then(prenominal) 40 years. This is half of the total increase in surface temperature, 1F, since the late 19th century. At its current rate, the global temperature could rise 2 to 6F in the next 100 years (Union of Concerned Scientist).Such a drastic increase in the rate of temperature increase is due to the industrial revolution. In the past 40 years, the world has se en a drastic increase in population and the use of fossil fuels (gasoline, oil, coal or natural gas). These fuels argon used to run our cars, heat and cool our homes, manufacture severes in our factories and to ship goods for worldwide consumption. The focus, until lately, has been to produce maximum product at a minimum cost to maximize profit. Little to no care was taken to minimize the amount of fossil fuels used in the production of goods. Recently, it has become evident that such practices bring to the production of greenhouse gases. Whenever fossil fuels are burned for energy, greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide builds up in the earths atmosphere (Union of Concerned Scientists). Another reason why greenhouse gases have increased is due to the decrease in the amount of plant life, comm provided called deforestation. Plant life is the only thing known on earth to consume carbon dioxide. However, due to the need of raw materials (wood and paper pulp), industrial nations t end to cut down more trees than they can reforest (Fuller 454). Also, toxins produced as a by-product of industrialization have killed plant life. Therefore, a greater amount of carbon dioxide is being produced at the analogous time less carbon dioxide is being consumed, leading to dangerous consequences.The combination of pollutants and deforestation has lead to what is commonly called the Greenhouse Effect. The term... ...ure on the government to create edict that will save the environment as well as keep our energy rates low and stable. Such legislation is almost impossible. A good first step for the government would be to create effective, mass public transportation such as the train and subway systems of Europe. However, we the residents of this planet, also must do our part to reduce our role in polluting the environment. After all, we are the ones who have to live with, or die from, the consequences of our actions.Works CitedBuchholz, Rogene A. Principles of Environmental Management. (1984).Christianson, Gale E. Greenhouse The 200-Year Story of Global Warming. (1999).Fuller, Jim. Ministers Unable to Reach Agreement at Climate Change Conference. November 25, 2005. Http//globalchange.gov/news/hague_conference_2005_1125.htmlLeggett, Jeremy. The Climate Time Bomb Signs of Climate Change from The Greenpeace Database (Amsterdam, Netherlands Stichting Greenpeace Council, 1994).Revkin, Andrew. Global Warming Understanding the Forecast.(2004).Union of Concerned Scientist. Safeguarding the web of life Global Environment. June 29, 2006. http//www.uscusa.org

Many of Steinbecks characters are crippled mentally or physically Essay

M some(prenominal) of Steinbecks characters are crippled mentally or physically. How far do you agree with this and how far are they made victims of society of the time?Lennie is probably the most obvious character of the book that is mentally crippled. He has brooder slopping shoulders and walks on heavily dragging his feet. Underneath Lennie is a child, he may look like and man simply isnt. Like a child Lennie has a bewitchment of small cuddle, cute things, especially rabbits. I like to pet things with my fingers, sof things. Lennie is also clumsy like a child and on the ranch others see him as a slow worker. George is like a father to Lennie and he looks up to him, and also fully dependant on him. He wont do anything money box George says he can, he automatically turns to George in when in any danger, like a child dependant on his mother.Candy is the oldest of the characters and he is physically crippled, as he has lost his right hand as a young boy. He was one of the best wor kers of the ranch and everyone respected him in his younger days. exactly he is slowly becoming useless, with besides a job of sweeping and has be rise very lonely with only the companionship of a dog. But curtly found friendship in George and Lennie. However this does not stop him from being a nosy character and finds interest in others gossip.Candy loves his dog to pieces, but like candy the dog is getting old and weak, That dog of Candys is so god damn old he cant hardly walk. Candy has had to dog for most of its life, and its the only thing that reminds him of the good days on the ranch.Crooks is the only black man on the ranch and he is crippled physically as he has a bent spine. Considering how hard it was for black men in those days, they were not given any respect at all and were bullied. The people at the ranch were racist towards him. But I cant play cards cause Im black and they say I stink. He is also lonely like Candy and is rejected from the people at the ranch, h e has his own confine and spends most of his time in there on his own.Crooks seems to be a bit sensitive underneath his brave face and takes it all to heart. He trusts no one but himself, because he isnt respected. Though at some times he has a slightly vicious streak, You got no right to come in my room, nobody got any right in here but me. A lot of the people on the ranch take advantage of him because they have a go at it they can get away with it. Listen nigger you know what I can do if you dont shut your trap. I imply that Crooks knows that people take advantage of him, but he cant fight back. nappys is the bosses son and he thinks he is a strongly man. He has a constant eagerness to prove himself. One of his weaknesses is that he doesnt like taller people because they make him feel insecure, threatened and small. Deep bring down he is a lonely character and is insecure. Curly copies his Dad like Lennie copies George. By taking on the approaching job of the ranch and has a future not like most of the workers, and wants to become powerful like his Father.Curlys wife plays a small part, though a crucial one. She is the only one of Steinbecks characters that is nameless. In those times it was hard to be a woman and were looked upon as staying at home all day and cooking for the maintains on return. She is a flirt of the ranch, what with being the only woman and the men on the ranch refer to her as a tart. No one really wants to talk to her as they are worried what curly might do if he found out, and this makes her lonely and isolated. Well I think Curleys married a tart.Curlys wife wanted to make something of her life, so she is very disappointed that she hasnt, this can make her feel very viscous. Though still she has the power, like her husband to make people feel small and unimportant, thats why people chose to exclude her on the ranch. She is young and niave and would believe anything she was told. He says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural.I think that Steinbeck wrote his characters to be either mentally or physically crippled. He wrote this book to expose all of the racial and male chauvinist prejudice. He succeeded in this by using the right characters and their every day life.

Alias Olympia

capital of Washington is the painting made by contrivanceist Edouard Manet, which is a nude painting which portray a style much like premature studio photographs, but it was based more on the genus Venus of Urbino by Titan. Despite the fact that Olympia was painted by Manet alone, his model, Victorine Meurent also played a great part in the creation of this painting. Through the collaboration of both the artist and the subject, Edouard Manets and Victorine Meurents Olympia became one of the first unexampled works of art during the time of the Renaissance.Edouard Manets contribution to the painting was that he was the one who created it, giving life to a two-dimensional image making it into something more. He conceptualized what the painting would look like, when he was challenged to give the Salon a nude painting to display during that time. His painting became truly controversial, as it exposeed a nude model is wearing several small items of c holehing. Because of this, her nu de body is given more emphasis, as it was decorated with an orchid in her hair, a bracelet, a small ribbon worn around her neck, and a pair of mule slippers.Because of this, Manets Olympia was attracted greater attention as her bleakness was more accentuated, as well as the comfortable courtesan lifestyle and sexuality which is being depicted by the painting. The elements of the painting were Manets contribution to the musical composition as well. The orchid flower, the unruly hair, the black cat and the flower bouquet all recognized female sexuality during that time. Anformer(a) element which Manet gave emphasis on was her body, as she symbolized the modern Venus.She was thin as compared to the prevailing foundationards, and it was regarded as lacking of idealism, which has successful enough to catch the attention of viewers, despite being placed gamy on the wall of Salon. An another(prenominal) element was the contrast being set by the black female servant in the background. T he servant was fully dressed, as compared to her master who was fully undressed. This shows the irony of the understanding before, where black women were regarded more sexually active, something which is not evident in this scene. On the other hand, the model of Olympia, Victorine Meurent, is also an actor of this work of art.This is because Meurent effectively played the part of a modern day Venus in the painting, attracting and arousing the interest not moreover of critics but also of other artists to follow this line of work. Manets work was considered a modern work of art because of Victorine Meurents effective enactment. She was viewed as a original subject of the painting, wherein she showed a different flatness, tonalism, foreshortened shadows, and a peculiar perspective in her which characterized Olympia as modern work of art during that time (Levine).It is tell that Victorine Meurents portrayal of Venus has produced a woman which is not voluptuous in a traditional sens e, and that she is not being served up to the viewers instead she was aloof, self contained and mostly disdainful. both visitor, or in this case anyone who views the piece would be dared by Meurents portrayal, as if staring him down. Victorine Meurents portrayal of Venus in Olympia is said to give the lie to every Venus. This has undermined tradition, as well as stared out at history, and this is all because of a self-contained model in the person of Victorine Meurent comprise as a classical nude.This has raised the outrage of the spectators, giving the painting, the model and the artist enough publicity to live by. After all the criticisms that Meurent received because of her portrayal of the Olympia, critics recognized that she was indeed a real woman of the nineteenth century. There is however, an issue of ambiguity of the life of Victorine Meurent as only a little is cognise about her. In Olympia, she stared down every man who looked at her, with her gaze fixed, and her faci al expressions unmoving, she was indeed a symbol of power for the woman of the nineteenth century.Meurent did not posses much record that would tell anything about her. Because of this, the masses were left to interpret things for themselves, including how Victorine Meurent lived her life. Edouard Manets Olympia was found to be a modern work of art during that time, and this is partially because of the depiction of Venus in the form of Victorine Meurent. According to Eunice Lipton, Olympia is truly a modern work of art because it depicts a prostitute in 1865, and that the artist has dealt with modernity in one of the most emotional and familiar way, though it was also filled with difficulty.One manifestation of this modernity is that the piece has its own materiality, and this is seen in how the prostitute stared, which is full of professional and standardized attentiveness. Olympia both has a naked body and a naked stare, as well as a reserved self which can be accounted to none ot her than the model, Victorine Meurent. Another perspective given by Charles Boudelaire regarding Olympias modernity is that it depicts heroism of modern life, as his bold manner of presenting Olympia has inspired future impressionists.Olympia is a modern work of art as it was able to depict life as it is now, and not as something ideal or something imagined. He urged other artists to follow the footsteps of Edouard Manet and try to develop contemporary situations where the nude can be depicted. Another critic, charitable Greenberg referred to Manets style in Olympia as his inconsistency, not in a negative way but in a modernist way. This is what made him stand out from other artists who came before him, and this significantly affected his status as a one-of-a-kind modern artist. Another proof of modernism in this work was that it is radical in its acute realism.This peculiar image of a woman confronts the common ways which women are being depicted. Manet was supposed to be portrayi ng Venus, but what he showed in his piece of work was someone very different from Venus. This person portrayed is able to say words with just her stare, arousing the interest of many. Looking at the present situation, we can compare Victorine Meurent to a famous Hollywood star, genus Paris Hilton. These two posses great similarities in their position in the society as empowered women. One of the similarities that these two have is the popularity among the opposite sex.Victorine Meurent started posing for painters at a young age of 16, and has continued to do so for several years that followed. rough of the works which featured her showed her nude body. Because of this, she became an object of desire for men, and the society regarded her as a prominent nude figure, despite having posed in other in good order works of art made. On the other hand, Paris Hiltons popularity came to rise when various sex videos about her have spread through the meshing. As a daughter of a very promine nt businessman, she easily made it to the news, and the press was all over her.They regarded Paris Hilton as an object of sexual desire and for kinda a long time, this impression on her was not changed. Another similarity betwixt the two is that both of them were able to capitalize from the negative impression that pack had towards them. Victorine Meurent posed for other works which showed her nude body. After some time, she was accepted by the society and regarded her as the image of a modern woman. She gained a lot of followings in both the principle or in practice. Despite being negatively judged by others before, she was finally able to realize her importance and her potentials.On the other hand, Paris Hilton was able to capitalize from this popularity which she made as a stepping stone in her road to stardom. Nobody cared about the sex scandals and videos spreading all over the internet nowadays because many other stars have released their own, as it further increases their own popularity. These videos and scandals became a means of advertising ones self, and this has been started by none other than Paris Hilton. Analyzing their characters, we can also say that thither is a difference in how they respond to various questions.Victorine Meurent lived a quiet life maybe era Paris Hilton lived a very colorful and controversial life. Paris Hilton chose to stay under the limelight while Victorine Meurent after some years, decided not to show up anymore. Victorine Meurents life during that time was not hard, as compared to other people. She grew up in a family of artisans, exposing her to the world of art back in her early years. Meurent started posing when she was just 16 years old and continued to do so until the early 1870s. Meurent grew up in a privileged family, so there is really not much problem encountered while she was growing.Victorine was a very talented person, as shes able to play instruments like the guitar and violin. This could be a manifesta tion of her inclination towards the world of art. Her love for art was further extended when she also studied academic type of painting. Her modeling for various artists was indeed a great contribution in her part for the world of art, as she was successful to depict the modern woman during that time. During the time of the Renaissance, there were a lot of artists emerged, and the only way to stay and be recognized by many is for the work of art to leave a lasting impression in the minds of the people.Because of the collaboration between an artist and the subject, Both Meurent and Manet were able to forged a lasting impression in the minds of the audience, even though they are not able pull though because of various reasons. Works Cited Levine, Steven Z. Alias Olympia A Womans Search for Manets Notorious Model and Her Own Desire Book Reviews. 1993. Art Journal. April 8 2008. .

Profit Maximization and Baumol Model

Managerial Economics August 15, two hundred7 The key points lowpinning the economics of a pay increase loaded Neoclassical pose of the firm states that organization will have the main accusatory of maximizing its profit within a given period of time. upper limit profit was achieved at the output at which marginal set is equal marginal taxation. There atomic number 18 several factors which desire to be considered when talking almost the profit maximizing firm 1. The assumption of the profit maximizing firm is that there is no segregation between managers and sufferers of the firm.Owners economically depended on their firms and therefore assay to make the biggest profit from their businesses. The effectiveness of their firm was measured by the profit decl ared. In the real world the self-will of the firm (especially for the larger firms) is different from the management. Managers induce responsible for all day-to-day operations as well as finance objectives. Those ba sin be different for management and for the owners. Managers tend to satisfy their own well being sooner wherefore acting on the best interests of the owners.Shareholders would akin to see the change magnitude value of the stock from year to year. The separation of ownership from control lead to less power of shareholders over the managers behavior as well as less awareness of how efficient the decisions are made. 2. Profit maximizing firm assumes the horizontal marginal revenue curve and U shape marginal price curve. This means that the market conditions are evermore ideal, non very competitive and the revenue cost declines as a result of discounts made to encourage the customers to purchase the products.In reality it is difficult to accurately measure the cost and revenue within organization and therefore difficult to determine the optimal, profit maximizing level. There are a lot of constraints and conditions which need to be evaluated at any given period of time to determi ne the cost and revenue curves. Rapidly changing conditions will make it difficult and sometimes impossible to make the accurate measurements. 3. An separate assumption is that the organization short-term objectives are the same as its long term objectives leading to profit maximization.In reality, as in long term objective may be to maximize the firm stock value and increase the shareholders profit, the short term objective may be to keep investing in a firm to establish a better position for the future. Other constraints like social certificate of indebtedness of the firm, im perfective or changing market conditions, demand versus supply curves etc. will affect the objectives of the firm. 4. One of the assumptions of the neoclassical model is that the organizations have a perfect knowledge of the operating conditions.It is recognized in the modern firm that they operate under the uncertainty level, which, however can be reduced by increasing the knowledge for market, controver sy and environment. With these factors the conclusion is that the profit maximization cannot be the sole objective of a firm. The factors need to be taken into consideration to determine the optimal firm strategy and firm objectives. Critical evaluation of Baumol management model. Baumol model is a sales revenue maximization model. Baumol model is the alternative to the profit maximization model.The main idea of Baumol model is that the objective of a firm is the sales revenue-maximization rather therefore profit maximization. The most important points supporting Baumol model are The is recognition of separation between firm ownership and management. Managers have discretion to pursue personal goals to maximize their own utility. Therefore a minimum profit constraint on management is set up by shareholders to address shareholders concerns and interests. Managers more focuses on their own tangible benefits rather then on profit maximization for the company.Salary increases are likely related to the level of sales rather then organization level of profit. Investors interest in the level of sales and trend of sales rather then level of profit. Growing sales tend to give better picture of company potential drop and therefore attract refinancing. Rising level of sales recognizes organizations success and therefore leads to good human relatives within the organization. Direct relation between market share and the level of sales means that the organization is raising its position on the market if its sales level increases.In other words the market share of the firm goes up. In Baumol model there is an assumption is that the organization using the Baumol model is operating in an oligopolistic market with no true competition. Baumol thinks that it will take longer for the large organizations, which most likely to be competitors, to arrive to the decision making and decision implementation point delinquent to the competition within the oligopolistic market. H owever it is to a fault said that within the market there is collision between organizations just to maintain an agreed position where everyone can have their share of the market.This is certainly an assumption which cannot be applied to every kind of markets. There are two models of sales revenue-maximization which both work under above assumption the static model and the dynamic model. Static model is a single period model for organization assuming that no competition with other companies exist. In static model a minimum profit constraint is imposed by shareholders regardless of the sales and other conditions of the organization to encourage their interests. The excess of maximum profit level over the minimum profit level constraint is the measure of managerial discretion.There is also an assumption of the U-shaped cost and ? -shape for revenue curves. By looking at the Baumols static sales revenue-maximization model chart we can see that the measurement produced by the sales re venue maximizer will be the quantity which satisfies the minimum profit constraint and yet allows the greatest level of sales (quantity) to be achieved. The sales revenue maximizer will realise a lower profit, but produce a greater quantity then the profit maximizer. Therefore the sales revenue maximizer will better gravel the market share then the profit maimiser.However in the static model Baumol does not analyze the relationship between price, advertising, total cost and quantity of the produced output. When talking about advertising cost Baumol suggests that the advertising expenditures are constantly grow as a straight line and that the sales revenue increases as increases the advertisement cost. In the real world advertisements are made from time to time depending on the organizations marketing studies. Sales revenue also depends on many factors like market conditions, managerial talent and knowledge, firm pricing strategy, quantity produced, total operating cost etc.In Baum ol model we see no attempts to take these factors into consideration. In its dynamic model where the idea is that over the lifetime organization will continue to gain the sales revenue and reinvest the profit into the future organization growth. At a certain point of growth, however, the growth potential will decrease and the level of sales will go down. Even though Baumol raised a point of uncertainty, he failed to place the time within his model and therefore limited the options of explaining the firm behavior.Baumol model shows that the sales revenue maximizer will produce more output then the profit maximizer. The profit level is also more stable in the Baumol model then in traditional profit-maximizing model. The sales maximizing firm will also have a lower price then the profit maximizing firm. Low cost air duct example. Lets take an example of the low-cost airline to outline the points of Baumol model. At a glance it may count that a logical step to maximize the airline prof it in order to reinvest more money into the new flights and expand the company.But it may not be profitable for an airline in a long suck up as the customers may loose the loyalty to an constantly low price airline because of their quality of service or inconveniencies caused during travel. Actions like flying from the lower cost airports away from the major hubs reducing the number of flight attendants per flight introducing a cheaper meals or no meals at all, saturnineering meals at a separate price cut on entertainments on board overbooking of the flights to make sure the flight is always full buy cheaper older aircrafts, improve maintenance procedures to reduce the cost would lead to short term profit maximization.On a long run the airline may start loosing customers due to the poor services and inconvenience caused. For example, flying from a low cost airport may result in additional cost for the passengers trying to reach that airport or having a connecting flights from oth er airports. Significant number of luggage lost would also lead to loosing the customers. Overbooking the flights may cause many passengers not being able to fly at the desired time and therefore loose the loyalty for the airline. Cutting cost on airline maintenance may jeopardize safety procedures and result in catastrophe.American Airlines Flight 191, a McDonnell-Douglas DC-10 aircraft crashed on May 25,1979 after taking off from Chicago airport. Investigation showed that it was a result of an improved maintenance procedure imposed by American Airline and saving then over $200 000 a year. For a low cost airline it is vital to fulfill the flight capacity and sell as much tickets as possible because the flights the cost of flying would remain the same whether the plain is flying full or not. This means that the main objective of the low-cost airline is to maximize their level of tickets sold.The actions like reducing inefficiency across the board of the airline, putting innovative and creative business concepts, promoting the teamwork, empowering the employees to encourage their personal involvement in day-to-day customer service betterment monitoring the airline market, dynamically determined ticket price per seat, studying customers needs introducing new routs to popular destinations, organizing convenient connecting flights have faster connectivity time, faster turnarounds point-to-point flights rather then flying through major hubs, using less congested airports internet booking, e-tickets no pre-assigned seat numbers etc. maybe more provide for helping to have a low cost operation yet with the high quality standards. The price of the ticket should be determined dynamically (hopefully by specialized software) based on customers demand and supply on a particular route at a particular time. Ideally the ticket price should be the highest with maximum filling of flight capacity.For example, early booking price may be lower and raised towards filling th e flight capacity. Therefore sales maximizing model fits better for the low cost airlines and gives them more chances to succeed in the market. References Mark Cook, Corri Farguharson (1998) Business Economics, Pearson Education Limited Patrick McNutt (2007) Study charter Unit 1. Management Objectives and Stakeholder Value, Business & Management Education Limited, UK

Organizational Behavior in Garment Industry Essay

In contention with the economic health of a country like Bangladesh, its due to the garments sector of the industrial enterprise in Bangladesh thats keeping the countrys economy stabled and in intended direction. The garment industry of Bangladesh has been the key export division and a main source of foreign exchange for the last 25 years. At present, the country generates about $5 billion worth of carrefours each year by exporting garment. The industry provides employment to about 3 million raceers of whom 90% atomic number 18 women.Two non-market elements have performed a vital function in positive(p) the garment industrys continual success these elements are (a) quotas under Multi- Fibred Arrangement1 (MFA) in the North American market and (b) special market entry to European markets, Bangladeshs industrial base, which has remained stagnant over the past two decades, is very narrow, contributing to about 11. 5 percent of the GDP (BBS, 2001). Within this narrow industrial sect or, however, the ready-made garments (RMG) industry has flourished as its most dynamic sector.Five basic models have been developed on which garments industry organizational behavior is based. Autocratic regulate This is the most common model on which most garments factories are based. Here the managers or the leaders are firmly in control, and obedience is considered to be a virtue. All decisions come from the management and the rest just follow the instructions. Custodial Model Here the management acts as a custodian of the welfare of its employees. They are provided money and security, and the employees in turn follow the diktats of the organization.The orientation is towards providing security, and less towards providing them an opportunity to be independent and leaders Supportive Model As is evident from the name, hither the emphasis is on support being provided by the managers to the employees. Here the employees are encouraged to improve their performance, and they are award ed recognition for their achievements. This results in an overall improvement, since a true result is praised and rewarded. Collegial Model Here the emphasis is on partnership between all parts of an organization.Self-discipline and responsibility are encouraged and employees are encouraged to achieve the goals that they set for themselves. Teamwork is emphasized. The System Model Managers and employees dont see the business only rather they work together for the better product for society, environment, etc. Limitation Bangladesh garment industry still now is not that much developed. When we prepare the account in Delta Composite they dont steady have their garments profile.We found so many difficulties in searching information. Foreign buyers English is not that much clear. There are many code name in garments industry that is very important for production process, and we have memorized those codes. In garments factory most of the employees doesnt have any educational backgroun d they do their job only with experiences. Scope During preparing our report we have got chances to visit many buying house, supervise many production process, & completed many sample program.This report gives a narrative overview of the delta composite knitting industries Ltd. and its operation Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people as individual or as groups act within organizations. Goals of organizational behavior There are some goals of organizational behavior which are as follows disembowel The first goal is to describe, systematically how people behave under a variety of conditions.Achieving this goal allows managers to communicate about human behavior at work using a common language. Understand A second goal is to understand any people behave as they do. The managers would be frustrated if they could chat about behavior of their employees, but not understand the reasons behind those actions. Predict The ma nagers would have capacity to predict which employees might be dedicated and productive or which ones might have absent, cause problem.And thus the managers could take preventive actions. Control The final goal of OB is to control and develop some human operation at work. Since managers are held responsible for performance outcome, they are vitally interested in being able to make an impact on employee behavior, skill development, aggroup effort, and productivity. Managers need to be able to improve results through the actions they and their employees take, and organizational behavior can aid them in their pursuit of this goal.

Puberty Blues Study

Society has changed dramatic onlyy since the 1970s, especi all(prenominal)y for teenagers and the newer generations. Although in some ways it is still similar. It seems the biggest impact on these changes all result from technology. The introduction of the internet, mobile phones and social networking, in my eyes, has changed everything. The way families communicate is one of the major differences I ingest noniced after watching puberty Blues, a television series set in the 1970s, slightly a series of families and teenagers making their way through life, puberty and problems they might control on a daily basis.The show previewed the way people communicated with each an opposite(prenominal), always using a voice. Either they called each other via home phone, which meant stripped privacy from your parents. Or talking face-to-face In one scene, the family were sitting down to dinner when the phone kept ringing, her mother, assuming it was her best friend, said it burn wait. It wa s then from a murmur that it was established by the parents that it was in fact a boyfriend calling for her.These forms of communications are in itself rare at present as a mass of teenagers and adolescents text or message each other and these portable devices with locks and codes means maximum privacy. Today, we meet people on Facebook and other social networking sites. And its from these profiles that you roll in the hay establish many things astir(predicate) a person and make a first judgement. Statistics show 34% of Australias world with a Facebook account are of those between 13 and 24. Not to mention the issue of fake accounts and predators online that can groom vulnerable teenagers and drain personal instruction out of them.School during these two different periods of time are kinda similar. Cliche groups were very noniceable, the popular kids ECT. For instance in the show, the North Cronulla teenagers were picked on and seen as weird, not as cool. You had the student s who truanted, rebelled against their teachers although it was sight how much bullying occurred back in the day, where as now, it is frowned upon, a absolute majority of students are against it and will defend one-another. Another difference detect was of braceual relationships, boyfriends and girlfriends, mind-sets and behaviour.Knowledge about agitate and forethoughts has been learnt very differently in the past. School sex education is important, yet approximately of us learn little of what we hold up about sex from our schooling especially in the 1970s. Were it appeared everything was learn from friends, from family whereas at present the media has an effect on our hunch overledge and recourses. Professor Michael Reiss said the following about sex education in the 70s By the start of the 1970s, school sex education was beginning to change significantly, no doubt for the to the highest degree part in response to the great social changes of the 1960s and 70s.Biology t extbooks started to provide fuller accounts of the human reproductive systems, while methods of contraception began to be taught more widely. The emphasis was in general on the provision of accurate schooling, and aims of sex education programmes included a decrease in ignorance, guilt, embarrassment and anxiety. Issues to do with relationships were probably more often discussed in programmes of personal and social education, or their equivalents, rather than in biology lessons. In the case of puberty Blues the relationships were based very much on sex life. The males had high expectations of the females, it didnt seen to affect the kids (except some females) if they didnt talk or turn over fun as it was all about sexual activities. A majority of the males treated the girls horribly and talked disrespectfully to their mates about their sexual impinge ons. The girls would do anything to be accepted, to have a good relationship (although the standard of a adequate relationship w asnt very high).In the case of the protagonists in the series, they both began as regular students, in no particular group they were at first bullied by the cool kids. It was then that they started participating in dangerous activities just to fit in (drinking alcohol and smoking), this wasnt rather peer pressure, scarcely under the hatful of wanting to fit in, they felt it was necessary, which sadly worked for them. The pressure began after they had been accepted and became romantic with other boys they were forced into sex by not only the males provided the more experienced girls in the group.The consequences that came with these actions included hurting their self respect and general morals, sneaking behind parents backs that wouldnt approve and having to give their black-mailing brother cigarettes to guard him quiet. They may have also gained a reputation in societies eyes, especially other parents and their own. Today, relationships are entirely different for teenagers. Ye s in some cases there is an expectation for sexual activity down the track but nothing immediate like in Puberty Blues.Its more important to have a wellnessy and trustworthy relationship, to be able to talk and have fun, enjoy each others company. I cant simply speak on behalf of males but I still feel there is a touch of disrespect towards women in terms of the privacy of relationship details. harmonize to Teens Health the 7 necessities for a wellnessy relationship are- Mutual Respect, trust, honesty, support, fairness/equality, separate identities and good communications which the relationships in Puberty Blues and even most today were lacking some or a gage of. Other risk taking behaviour included drink driving and smoking for adults too.At this full stop in time, the severity and impacts smoking can have on someone had not been specified or broadcasted compared to what it is today. The only restriction was to younger people, not that it halt them. Quote Terry Martin (article writer, 70s smoker) When I was a young smoker back in the mid 70s, attitudes about tobacco were a grapple different than they are today. A person could light up just about anywhere, and while we all knew that cigarette smoking was hazardous to our health, we were in the forbidding ages about just how dangerous it really was.Smokers were accepted by society and smoking was tolerated to a degree we cant fathom today. Drink driving was also brush under the carpet, it wasnt seen as quite a big deal, whereas after many crashes and lives lost over the years, people started to spread awareness and bring in stronger law enforcement into place. Lastly, drug use was showed a give out on the series , notably by the teenage boys mainly smoking weed, as it is also quite relevant still today in high school students. In both scenarios it has been and is still illegal although this remains to change little to the situation.Overall a chaw has changed over the years, but this sense of rebellio n by the younger generation remains and will continue too. We can only hope that after sightedness so much improvement over the years after watching Puberty Blues that we can appreciate it and continue to improve it for years to come. http//www. socialbakers. com/facebook-statistics/australia http//www. open. edu/openlearn/body-mind/health/health-studies/brief-history-sex-education http//quitsmoking. about. com/od/antismokingresources/a/tobaccoepidemic. htmPuberty Blues StudySociety has changed dramatically since the 1970s, especially for teenagers and the newer generations. Although in some ways it is still similar. It seems the biggest impact on these changes all result from technology. The introduction of the internet, mobile phones and social networking, in my eyes, has changed everything. The way families communicate is one of the major differences I have noticed after watching Puberty Blues, a television series set in the 1970s, about a series of families and teenagers making their way through life, puberty and problems they might encounter on a daily basis.The show previewed the way people communicated with each other, always using a voice. Either they called each other via home phone, which meant nominal privacy from your parents. Or talking face-to-face In one scene, the family were sitting down to dinner when the phone kept ringing, her mother, assuming it was her best friend, said it can wait. It was then from a murmur that it was established by the parents that it was in fact a boyfriend calling for her.These forms of communications are in itself rare today as a majority of teenagers and adolescents text or message each other and these portable devices with locks and codes means maximum privacy. Today, we meet people on Facebook and other social networking sites. And its from these profiles that you can establish many things about a person and make a first judgement. Statistics show 34% of Australias tribe with a Facebook account are of those be tween 13 and 24. Not to mention the issue of fake accounts and predators online that can groom vulnerable teenagers and drain personal information out of them.School during these two different periods of time are quite similar. Cliche groups were very noticeable, the popular kids ECT. For instance in the show, the North Cronulla teenagers were picked on and seen as weird, not as cool. You had the students who truanted, rebelled against their teachers although it was noticed how much bullying occurred back in the day, where as now, it is frowned upon, a majority of students are against it and will defend one-another. Another difference noticed was of sexual relationships, boyfriends and girlfriends, expectations and behaviour.Knowledge about sex and expectations has been learnt very differently in the past. School sex education is important, yet most of us learn little of what we know about sex from our schooling especially in the 1970s. Were it appeared everything was learn from fri ends, from family whereas today the media has an effect on our knowledge and recourses. Professor Michael Reiss said the following about sex education in the 70s By the start of the 1970s, school sex education was beginning to change significantly, no doubt for the most part in response to the great social changes of the 1960s and 70s.Biology textbooks started to provide fuller accounts of the human reproductive systems, while methods of contraception began to be taught more widely. The emphasis was mostly on the provision of accurate information, and aims of sex education programmes included a decrease in ignorance, guilt, embarrassment and anxiety. Issues to do with relationships were probably more often discussed in programmes of personal and social education, or their equivalents, rather than in biology lessons. In the case of Puberty Blues the relationships were based very much on sex life. The males had high expectations of the females, it didnt seen to affect the kids (excep t some females) if they didnt talk or have fun as it was all about sexual activities. A majority of the males treated the girls horribly and talked disrespectfully to their mates about their sexual encounters. The girls would do anything to be accepted, to have a good relationship (although the standard of a fair relationship wasnt very high).In the case of the protagonists in the series, they both began as regular students, in no particular group they were at first bullied by the cool kids. It was then that they started participating in dangerous activities just to fit in (drinking alcohol and smoking), this wasnt quite peer pressure, but under the wad of wanting to fit in, they felt it was necessary, which sadly worked for them. The pressure began after they had been accepted and became romantic with other boys they were forced into sex by not only the males but the more experienced girls in the group.The consequences that came with these actions included hurting their self resp ect and general morals, sneaking behind parents backs that wouldnt approve and having to give their black-mailing brother cigarettes to make him quiet. They may have also gained a reputation in societies eyes, especially other parents and their own. Today, relationships are entirely different for teenagers. Yes in some cases there is an expectation for sexual activity down the track but nothing immediate like in Puberty Blues.Its more important to have a healthy and trustworthy relationship, to be able to talk and have fun, enjoy each others company. I cant incisively speak on behalf of males but I still feel there is a touch of disrespect towards women in terms of the privacy of relationship details. harmonize to Teens Health the 7 necessities for a healthy relationship are- Mutual Respect, trust, honesty, support, fairness/equality, separate identities and good communications which the relationships in Puberty Blues and even most today were lacking some or a lot of. Other risk t aking behaviour included drink driving and smoking for adults too.At this typify in time, the severity and impacts smoking can have on someone had not been specified or broadcasted compared to what it is today. The only restriction was to younger people, not that it halt them. Quote Terry Martin (article writer, 70s smoker) When I was a young smoker back in the mid 70s, attitudes about tobacco were a lot different than they are today. A person could light up just about anywhere, and while we all knew that cigarette smoking was hazardous to our health, we were in the tenebrious ages about just how dangerous it really was.Smokers were accepted by society and smoking was tolerated to a degree we cant fathom today. Drink driving was also move under the carpet, it wasnt seen as quite a big deal, whereas after many crashes and lives lost over the years, people started to spread awareness and bring in stronger law enforcement into place. Lastly, drug use was showed a lot on the serie s , notably by the teenage boys mainly smoking weed, as it is also quite relevant still today in high school students. In both scenarios it has been and is still illegal although this remains to change little to the situation.Overall a lot has changed over the years, but this sense of rebellion by the younger generation remains and will continue too. We can only hope that after see so much improvement over the years after watching Puberty Blues that we can appreciate it and continue to improve it for years to come. http//www. socialbakers. com/facebook-statistics/australia http//www. open. edu/openlearn/body-mind/health/health-studies/brief-history-sex-education http//quitsmoking. about. com/od/antismokingresources/a/tobaccoepidemic. htm

Business Ethics and Issues Essay

moral philosophyEthics is a branch of philosophy which seeks to find answers about the moral concepts give c atomic number 18 bad, good, evil, right, wrong, etcetera check to OEC (2011) ethic is defined as a moral philosophy which is concerned with what is right or wrong, good or bad, uncontaminating or unfair, prudent or irresponsible, obligatory or permissible, laudable or blameworthy. Many scholars cod associated it with the dissimilar feelings and emotions like guilt, indignation, empathy etc. The ethical motive deals in the way of doing things and with the customaryized matters associate to the public policies and the soulalized issues. It is base on the social practices and laws, religious matters and conscience. These social practices give strength to this branch of philosophy. It seems to be very general matter but due to its connection to various social issues, it is often termed to be very complex and difficult to employ. With the passage of time, many compan ies have started giving grandeur to the corporate moral philosophy and their responsibility towards the party and communities. Today, many championshipes have gained lot of reputation and recognition by being in vexation and following the morals when conducting their duty activities while many others have lost their reputation only because of bad phone line practices. To many, business is an economic activity to maximize their profits and the main focus for them behind this activity is money. there is nothing wrong with the money itself but the close to businesses acquire money and gain profits matters most and their manner raises several questions cerebrate to the ethical behavior. headache Ethics deal ethics strives to understand whether or not a specific business practice is morally and ethically acceptable. The American Heritage vocabulary has defined business ethics as the philosophy of human conduct with the emphasis on determining right and wrong. It specifies the rules or standards governing the conduct of the members of a profession (Ferrell et al, 2009).It is necessary for the entrepreneurs to follow good business ethics forevery part of their business. There be several global entities, that offer brands to the public for general and specialized use, are engaged in the bad business practices and many of them have been fined by the cogitate authorities which accounts for millions. The companies are fined due to their failure to stick about to the business ethics and ethical laws. The main problem with these companies is the amount of money they generate is much higher than the fines imposed on them. This outweighs the opportunity costs associated in their business and they happily pays off all the fines. It is therefore necessary for the authorities to force business ethics over all the business entities and their business units. line of products ethics can remove the minor issues like the lower wage rates, work force exploitation as thoroughly as the big issues like the children in sweat shops do sneakers or footballs for the enceinte companies. The above discussed implications explain some of the important facts related to to the business ethics. The importance of ethical business practices is squeeze by many local, regional and state direct governments to the companies. Importance of Business EthicsBeing a good person or a person of values, in ones own opinion, being a person of good ethical and moral values is not enough in the at presents business scenarios and it is not helpful to handle the issues related to the ethics that may arise in the organizations. It is very important for the companies to understand and recognize the descent between the decision related to ethics and the legal aspects of business organizations.The importance of business ethics was first recognized, during the 1960s, when the social issues in business rise to large extent in the American societies. There were increased issu es related to the public safety, and ecological problems related to the pollution, waste management system, disposing the toxic wastes etc. in these societies. The then(prenominal) president of America, John F. Kennedy, gave a special message to the general public and the companies to safeguard the consumer rights of safety, the right to be informed and right to choose, which is widely known as consumer bill of rights. In the late nineties, business ethics became an emerging field in the societies. Lot of emphasis on this field was placed by the theologians and philosophers who suggested that some of the principles of ethics areapplicable to business activities. This gave rise to the academic and research writings about Corporate Social Responsibility of a bon ton (Ferrell et al, 2009).The importance of ethical practices can be recognized by considering the fact there is an international Federation Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations (FSGO) which was established in late 90s to mystify the standards and code of conduct for the companies working in the business environments. There are ten basis guidelines for the organizations specified by FSGO which must be followed by the companies in order to remain ethical in the business (Ethics Resource Center, 2005). respectable Issues in BusinessDue to increased emphasis on the business ethics over last three decades, this field is suffering and is troubled by the lack of proper directions and is struck, just like Alice in the wonderland, in the issues like logic, reasons etc. Much of the research emphasis is given on the two basis approaches to understand the relationship between ethics and the business practices. These approaches used by the researchers are termed as normative approach and empirical approach (Donaldson and Dunfee, 1994). The past conception of the companies about the ethical issues in business was related to the administration of rules, regulations in the organizations and making sure that the people are complying with these rules or adhere to the standards set by the organizations to stay ethical. This conception is now nowhere implemented, today, people from the top management level and the business owners have understood that this concept of ethical issues in business is far superior than handling the rules and regulations and their effective implementation. There are wide consecrates of issues related to the business ethics currently observed by the market analysts. According to the online report published by UK Energy thriftiness Website (2011), today, there is wide range of areas listed under the head of ethical issues in business. These issues can be of varying nature ranging from professional ethics which may include the moral duties of engineers, doctors, and architects, lawyers as well as the employee right issues. The issues related to employee rights may further be divided into various categories like issues related to wages, safe working environment, non-di scriminatory policies etc. The functionalareas of business like marketing, management, accounts etc. also reported to have ethical business issues.Due to the varying natures of these issues, it is difficult to conclude whether or not any company or a supply chain partner is adhering to the ethical principles. In the current business environment, the issues like fairness, justice and honesty are the main issues that are posing complex dilemma to the businesses. Any wrong or biased decision can have a profound impact on the seemliness of the company as well as its market position. To deal with such issues, many companies follow the ethical guidelines so that they do not lose chew on the essential value of fairness. However, if they choose to use legality and profitability as their measurement in determining what is right from wrong then business ethics will surely become irrelevant (CFA, 2009). Business Function Ethics Marketing EthicsMarketing is among the most crucial functions of a business in an organization. The function of this business unit is to provide understanding about the four basic aspects of a business- Product, Price, Place and Promotion. It provides interface to the management related not only to the customers but the other related parties like media, investors, distribution system, supply chain partners, legal framework, as well as others. The importance of marketing ethics is vital to the organization due to the diverse nature of stakeholders associated with this business function (Ferrell, 2007). While Ethic deals in the determination and study of what is right, wrong, good, evil etc., for marketing managers, study ethics deals with the rules, regulations, principles for governing the code of conduct of the members of an organization (Ferrell, 2005). Therefore, ethical marketing can be defined as practices that emphasize transparent, trustworthy, and responsible personal and organizational marketing policies and actions that exhibit integ rity as well as fairness to consumers and other stakeholders based on normative perspective (Murphy et al, 2005). The concept of marketing ethic emphasizes on the practices and standards that are deemed acceptable in the marketing conduct. These operative standards are usually determined by the stakeholders and the organization as a whole which is responsible for the marketing related activities. Themarketing team is required to adhere to these standards and make sure that these prescribed standards are in fit with the societal needs and expectations. According to Ferrell (2005) the ethical marketing practices are most significant in establishing and retaining long term relationship, and development of customer trust. The nature of marketing is very diverse which in turn started large numbers of ethical issues incurred by the businesses today. Key Issues in Marketing EthicsAs the 21st century started, the companies and business started to give more than importance to the business e thics due to the various scandals emerge early this century related to Enron, Tyco, and Sunbeam etc. most of the business scandals were related to the accounting system frauds or supply chain management. During this phase, the journal of marketing consisted of wide range of articles that were associated not only to ethics but especially to the issues related to business ethics (Klein, Smith and John, 2004). The marketing ethical issues are defined by the stakeholders and the company and therefore these issues must be resolved in the timely manner to alter the level of trust and build long term relationships with these people. Murphy et al (2005) suggested that due to the nature of marketing issues, the marketers are sometimes need to deal with the choices that are subjective and moral in nature requiring them make decision regarding the moral standards. Due to these ethical standards, the companies and their stakeholders must conform to the moral principles. Many companies have st arted fair trade system to operate ethically with their supply chain partners. For example, the star bucks has started the fair trade system to engage with their farmers by offering right prices and maintaining business relations as well as direct purchasing options (Starbucks, 2011). When applying ethics to the marketing practices some factors are important to be considered. First, the marketers should understand the objectives of the company. Second, they must eternal rest the marketing practices with the objectives of the company. The balancing may involve compromise at any point of business or tradeoffs (Ferrell, 2007). Most of the marketing ethics are related to the fairness, justice and honesty as well as conflict of interest, fraud, discrimination and privacy etc. Talking about the global business practices, many countries trade departments have establishedregulatory groups like better business bureau etc that mainly deals with the issues related to the ethical marketing. Th e governments have also developed trade commissions that forces laws related to the consumer protection. These government regulated bodies includes Federal Trade Commission, Food and Drug Administration etc. these organizations strives to help the consumer in identifying fraud, deception and public safety. These and many other related agencies focus on identifying the major issues that are of ethical concern for the marketers. Examples of these issues includes the communication practices adopted for marketing, wrong advertising, hidden pricing, wrong information presentation in the inseparable and external communication system, misleading ads, etc. to deceive the customers (Ferrell, 2007 Leclair, Ferrell and Fraedrich, 1998).A lot of progress is been made in the field of ethical marketing based on research and theory. In order to obtain promising results various codes of conducts have been developed by the organizations like American Marketing linkup, Marketing Research Associatio n etc. which has elevated the marketing practices. Moreover, many organizations have developed code of ethics which helps them address various marketing practices related ethical risk areas.ReferencesCFA (2009) Ethical Issues in Business and the Importance of Ethics, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http//cfagbata.com/ethical-issues-in-business-and-the-importance-of-ethics/ Donaldson, T. and Dunfee, T. W. (1994) Toward a unified conception of business ethics integrative social contracts theory, The Academy of Management Re spot, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp.252-284 Ethics Resource Center (2005) Federal Sentencing Guidelines for the organization, ethics org, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http//www.ethics.org/resource/federal-sentencing-guidelinesFerrell, O.C. (2005). A Framework for Understanding Organizational Ethics. In Business Ethics New Challenges for Business Schools and Corporate Leaders. R.A. Peterson and O.C. Ferrell, (eds.) Armonk, New York M.E. Sharpe, 3-17.Ferrell, O. C. (2007) na ture and scope of marketing ethics. In G. Gundlach, L. Block & W. Wilkie (Eds), Explorations of marketing in society, Mason, OH Texere/ Thomson South Western Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. and Ferrell, L. (2009) Business Ethics Ethical ending Making and Cases, 7th edition, USA South Western Cengage Learning Klein, J.G., N.C. and John A. Smith. (2004). Why We Boycott Consumer Motivations for Boycott Participation. Journal of Marketing, 68 (3) 92-110. LeClair, D.T., O.C. Ferrell, and J.P. Fraedrich. (1998). Integrity Management A Guide to Managing Legal and Ethical Issues in the Workplace. Tampa, Florida University of Tampa Press. Murphy, P.E., G.R. Laczniak, N.E. Bowie, and T.A. Klein. (2005). Ethical Marketing, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Pearson Prentice-Hall.OEC (2011) Defining Ethics and Morality, OEC org, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http//www.onlineethics.org/Education/precollege/scienceclass/sectone/chapt2.aspx UK Energy Saving (2011) Ethical Issues in Business, retrieve d on July 29, 2011 from http//www.uk-energy-saving.com/ethical-issues-in-business.html Starbucks (2011) Fair Trade, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http//www.starbucks.com/aboutus/StarbucksAndFairTrade.pdfFurther Reading1. Business Ethics Caseshttp//www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/cases.cfm?fam=BUSI 2. Performance Appraisal casehttp//www.scu.edu/ethics/ communication/candc/cases/performance.html 3. Applied Ethics Resourceshttp//www.ethicsweb.ca/resources/business/topics.html4. Business Ethicshttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_ethics5. Cutting-edge issues in business ethics continental challenges to tradition http//books.google.com/books?id=RsBfMI6di8gC&pg=PA87v=onepage&q&f=false 6. A companion to business ethicshttp//books.google.com/books?id=PDXVnfyKHBIC&pg=PA178v=onepage&q&f=false 7. Harvard Business Reviews Business Ethicshttp//www.businessweek.com/managing/company/business_ethics/ 8. Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysishttp//www53.homepage.villanova.edu/james.bord en/vsb1001/Goodpaster.pdf 9. Ethical finis Makinghttp//www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/10. Importance of Ethics in Businesshttp//www.accountantnextdoor.com/importance-of-business-ethics-importance-of-ethics-in-business-investment/ 11. The Critical Importance of Business Ethics For Effective Leadership http//www.businessexpertwebinars.com/content/view/471/29/12. Business Ethics Manualhttp//www.trade.gov/goodgovernance/adobe/bem_manual.pdf

Sameness and Difference Does Not Matter

Sameness and difference does non matter if there is go bading Belonging is a key in managing effective relationships. When you run short somewhere or amongst a group of people, humdrum or difference does not come into play as you are considered an equal. Nevertheless there should be somewhat sameness between the entire groups, so that there is a common similarity that connects the entire group together. Though the very notion that there could exist a place where difference does not count whitethorn seem ludicrous to some people precisely unless youve experienced true belonging, it is a difficult notion to put into words.Accepting and being accepted for your differences is critical in the subject of belonging and once past that critical stage your sameness and difference becomes irrelevant, now that you belong somewhere or amongst something. Sameness is the primary attitude gather uped to belong with either a group of individuals or a collection of groups. That sameness may be i n physical form eg Skin Colour, height, weight, physique etc.In this case, those African American people that had been poorly hardened and subjected to nothing just now being treated like second class citizens, due to the implementation of the Jim Crow laws in the southern states of the United States of America. Sameness not only exists on the outside of an individual, exactly also whats on the inside of oneself and it could be religious beliefs, values, intellect and their take on what is wrong and what is right. Having the same religion as a coadjutor individual could help you belong, same goes for having similar values and believing in what is right and wrong.To further this idea, if you look around many of the friendships/relationships that occur, occur because individuals share a common or genuine similarity, hence being able to socialise and communicate properly, thus suggesting that it does matter that there needs to be sameness, however minimal, to belong In the Member o f the Wedding. Berenice and Frankie have about being loose or caught in the world. Berenice says that we are caught in the sense that we are born forbidding or white and cannot change that.Being a black woman, she knows that her colour traps her even more because of discrimination. Frankie sees how at the same time we are lost in our connection because of our failure to connect or mix with other people and belonging. This moment serves as a powerful statement against the separation of the races and makes a pledge for unity, but ultimately coming to the conclusion that is does matter that that you need sameness to belong. Similarities are needed to develop and maintain a healthy relationship as twain parties share something in common.However, that relationship or that need to belong could be overshadowed if there werent for a couple of differences that distinguishes the person from another. In going with the process of belonging, one must be able to display both similarities and differences in order to belong. However once that stage is reached, there is no need to show either a similarity or a difference as you become considered an equal among whom or the place in which you belong. Sameness and differences is not needed if there is belonging. However, they are needed to form that special bond which is belonging.Nobody is going to play the fool by saying that everyone is going to have a special link with each other despite the fact that they arent going to display their sameness or differences because that is simply not true. To belong is something everybody craves but not everyone does achieve that and it is only when you reach the highest stage that your attributes are no longer needed as the place where you belong has seen it all. Belonging is just not a want, but a need. We see people fly everywhere to discover the true meaning of belonging but unless youve experienced it, then it shall watch a mystery to those yet to discover it.

Marketing Planning & Strategy – Nestle

BHO3435 MARKETING PLANNING & STRATEGY INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC MARKETING PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Prepared by Sarah Aljenfawi Bashayer S. Kout Fatimah Rawan Membership of insurance coverage Body Environmental Analysis Market & Customer Analysis Competitive Analysis Internal Analysis 1. Membership of Reporting Body In solvent to the assessment our group has mutu each(prenominal)y agreed to investigate the strategic operations of the Boost Juice. The team is composed of four members. Each member has been on the wholeocated a special scope to investigate further as listed below Environmental Analysis Market & Customer Analysis Competitive Analysis Internal Analysis 2. carriage of Report 3. Background and Context I. drawing Description of Industry cuddle is a multinational company based in Switzerland. come on operates in provender industry. In 1905, Nestle was formed as a result of a merger between a Swiss and English company which was established in 1866. Initially, Nestle started to offer condensed milk formula and milk link products to customers (Nestle, 2013). Later on, it expanded its offerings to other food related items.Gradually, Nestle grew and make significant mastery stories. In the First World War and also in Second World War, Nestle expanded its products to other countries. The company produces snack and health related products. The head quarter of Nestle is in Vevey. In terms of revenues, Nestle is the largest food company of the world. The objectives of Nestle are to become leader in health and Wellness and nutrition. In addition to this, the company also aims to be trusted by other stakeholders regarding its business and financial performance.Nestle offers wide range of products and services. The portfolio of company covers all categories of food and beverages industry. The aim of Nestle is to provide healthy eating and drinking experience to customers so that they can enjoy every stage of their life. In 2010, Nestle offered a Nestle Cocoa Plan which aimed at provision of 38 plantlets to farmers to help them to rejuvenate productivity of their farms. In 2011, Nestle became the first company which made a partnership with Fair Labor Association (Nestle, 2013).Through this partnership, Nestle helped to investigate child labor practices in the cocoa farms which supply raw materials in its factories. II. Brief Description of Company The industry analysis of food and beverages suggests that there will be significant ontogeny in future. The global food and beverages industry composes incompatible domains which include food production, distribution, marketing, retailing and catering. Since 2009, global food and beverages industry has surpassed the total value of $5. trillion. In the economic growth of every country, this industry is one of the significant contributors. It is expected that by 2014, global food and beverages industry will grow at the rate of 3. 5% and will achieve value of $7 trillion (Busin ess Vibes, 2013). In 2008, food product sector had value of $3. 2 trillion. This industry included agriculture sector products. It is expected that by the end of 2013, the value of this sector will reach to $4 trillion (Business Vibes, 2013).The beverages sector of global food and beverages industry consisted products such as soft drinks, spirits, ciders, beers and wines. This industry accounted for $1. 4 trillion in 2008. It is expected that by the end of 2013, this industry will reach at $1. 6 trillion. This generates a growth rate of 2. 6% in beverages sector (Business Vibes, 2013). The growth trends in global food and beverages industry suggest that there is great opportunity of further investment in this industry.This growth rate is also reflected in the consuming power of customers. New companies can achieve substantial share from market in this growth phase check of global food and beverages industry. On the other hand, existing firms in global food and beverages industry ca n also expand their businesses. III. Key trends affecting the industry According to Nestles annual report for the year 2010, it has shown that several trends have occurred and caused a major impact on the food industry in general and Nestle in particular.Whereas, the recession that has happened in the year 2009 has caused a major decline in the economic growth for almost all of the businesses and especially in Nestle, which also has direct to an increase in the unemployment rate. Therefore, the companys economic environment has continued to be ambiguous in the year 2010, and that would basically has led to an inflation period regarding the businesss raw materials, as well as currency instability in the mentioned year. (Consolidated fiscal Statements, 2010)Although the worlds economic crisis presence in the year 2009, however, Nestle has experienced its strongest growth by the final quarter of that year, and that mainly gave Nestle a great opportunity to enter the industry with thei r supreme power. Furthermore, with the company being motivated and be able to perform with its best has remained consistent throughout the year, even in the end of the year 2010 when almost all of the businesses were suffering and trying to recover from the world economic crisis.Thus, Nestle has entered the year 2011 with great energy and was able to put themselves together and perform with their best, As Nestle has stated this will help us to manage the challenges? that we face and to take full advantage of our opportunities to drive? better performance and enhance shareholder value. (Consolidated Financial Statements, 2010). IV. Key industry success factors Key success factors have a share in enabling a company to differentiate itself from its competitors and to offer a unique selling proposition to customers or consumers. Batra, Myers and Aaker 1996 Ketelhohn 1998). 4. Statement of problem to be investigated References Nestle, 2013. History. Available at http//www. nestle. com/ aboutus/history Assessed on 17th March, 2013 Business Vibes, 2013. Available at http//www. businessvibes. com/blog/facts-and-figures-global-food-and-beverage-industry Assessed on 17th March, 2013 Batra, R, J G Myers and D A Aaker (1996), Advertising Management. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River Prentice Hall